Nuclear Power Plants the Efficient Danger Lurking Free Essays

string(125) " uranium fuel pellets or sealed metal rods, but some radioactive substances are released into H2O used for chilling intents\." Nuclear Power Plants: the efficient danger skulking Abstraction Electricity is used in every domain of our lives, both domestic and industrial. All throughout these old ages, worlds have harnessed electricity from dodo fuel which is a non renewable beginning of energy. If we keep utilizing these resources, the hereafter coevals will happen themselves with no more of it left. We will write a custom essay sample on Nuclear Power Plants: the Efficient Danger Lurking or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hence alternate beginnings of bring forthing electricity demand to be developed instantly, sooner 1s that are eco friendly. Nuclear power is a promising alternate since it is a clean and comparatively safe beginning. In this paper we have explored the pros and cons of this energy beginning. Contentss The Current Energy Scenario Aim of this paper Types of Nuclear Power Plants Light Water Reactors Heavy Water Reactors Gas Cooled Reactors Working of Nuclear Power Plant Development of Nuclear Power Global Scenario of Nuclear Power Nuclear Power Plants in India Execution of Laws for Regulating the Use of Nuclear Energy The Non-Proliferation Treaty Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty The Nuclear Liability Bill Environmental Impacts of Nuclear Power Plants ( Including the most recent atomic disaster—The Fukushima incident. ) Nuclear Power against Renewable Energy Development Discussion Mentions The Current Energy Scenario India’s energy scenario has a mix of both renewable and non renewable resources and the laterality of coal based power workss are most likely traveling to go on in the hereafter. At present 54 % of the entire electricity coevals capacity depends on coal based or thermic power workss and over 70 % of it is produced in thermic workss. Other renewable beginnings of energy like air current, hydroelectric power and geothermic energy history for around 2 % of the generated electricity. Nuclear power contributes to one per cent. Electricity produced by atomic fission, that is, the splitting of atoms is one of the best utilizations of atomic energy. In a state like ours where electricity is used for all sorts of twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours activities, we need a safe, clean and low-cost beginning for it and atomic energy seems to be the reply for it. We depend on electricity for assorted intents and therefore we use about one tierce of our energy resources for the production of electricity.[ 3 ] [ 4 ] 2. Objective of this paper The aim of this paper is to find the feasibleness of Nuclear Power Plants against other beginnings of tackling electricity. 3. Types of Nuclear Power Plants There are many different types of atomic power workss which use different ways to utilize the atomic fission to bring forth electricity. Most of these turn H2O into steam and so utilize the steam or gas to revolve the turbine. 3.1 Light H2O reactors Light H2O reactors are those that use the most purified type of H2O, besides called â€Å"light water† and are either Boiling Water Reactors ( BWR ) or Pressurized Water Reactors ( PWR ) . In instance of the more normally used PWR, the H2O for chilling the atomic fuel is kept at a higher force per unit area so that it does non turn into steam but is used to in bend convert a secondary supply of H2O into steam which is so used to turn the steam turbine. Boiling Water Reactors the H2O is straight converted to steam which is so used to revolve the turbine and produce electricity. The Fukushima Daiichi atomic power workss in Japan use this sort of reactor. In fact these are reasonably popular in Japan, UK and US. 3.2 Heavy Water Reactors Heavy H2O reactors use H2O in which the H has an excess neutron and it is called Deuterium. It allows the atomic fuel to be in its natural province, and passes through the nucleus of the reactor, chilling it. It is so used to heat up the light H2O and change over it to steam which runs the turbines. The heavy H2O is used as a moderator to decelerate down the fission reactions in the power works. Since it allows the atomic fuel to be in its natural province, the Uranium does non hold to be processed but can stay in its pure province. It is therefore one of the most efficient moderators. 3.3 Gas Cooled Reactors Gas cooled reactors or High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactors ( HTGR ) usage gas as a coolant and besides to run the turbine. Gass like He and C dioxide are used to chill the reactor nucleuss and because of their low polar denseness they may be harnessed for utilizing atomic energy outside the field of power workss, like in transit, etc. These reactors have a really high thermic efficiency and can be used at really high temperatures. Each little pebble has its really ain construction of containment which makes a stronger barrier between radioactive substances and environment. However, they have disadvantages excessively. Since they operate at such high temperatures, it is difficult to happen stuffs that remain stable in such an environment. Furthermore, since gas is a hapless coolant, a batch of it is required for comparatively smaller sums of power. 4. Working of a Nuclear Power Plant A atomic power works uses boiling H2O to bring forth steam that helps to bring forth electricity. A atomic power works has certain similarities with other types of workss that generate electricity but it has many differences every bit good. Normally, most power workss boil H2O and the steam is so used to turn the propellor like blades of the turbine which in bend rotate the shaft of the generator. Inside the generator there are spirals where electric and magnetic Fieldss interact in order to bring forth electricity. The energy required to boil H2O comes from firing coal, oil or gas or splitting of atoms. In atomic power workss, firing or detonation does non take topographic point. Rather, the energy comes from fission reaction. Nuclear power workss use the component Uranium, which emits radioactive atoms. Normally, these are sealed in uranium fuel pellets or sealed metal rods, but some radioactive substances are released into H2O used for chilling intents. You read "Nuclear Power Plants: the Efficient Danger Lurking" in category "Essay examples" This H2O is processed before being released back into the environment.[ 7 ] img alt="C:UsersuserDownloads uclear-PWR.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0927269.001.jpg"/ Figure 1: A diagrammatic representation of a atomic power works. ( Beginning:www.green-planet-solar-energy.com) 5. Development of Nuclear Power The American Nuclear attempt was started by President Roosevelt and was called the Manhattan undertaking and the University of Chicago witnessed the world’s foremost atomic reactor. For all the advantages that are attached to atomic power workss, its development is surely no reasonably narrative. President Roosevelt pursued the usage of atomic power in the devising of bombs. These were worked on over in secret in Los Alamos, New Mexico until they were ready to be tested someplace. During this period, World War II raged on against Japan. Subsequently as we all know, Hiroshima and Nagasaki became the guinea hogs for the testing of the Atom Bomb. America developed a batch of cognition about atomic power after World War II. By 1954, it was ready to establish a five twelvemonth plan to construct a on the job atomic power works and by 1958, it was completed in Shippingport, Pennsylvania. It had the capacity to bring forth 60,000 kWs of electricity. And therefore the alternate usage of atomic energy came into being.[ 1 ] 6. Global scenario of Nuclear Power On 29June2013, it was declared by the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) that â€Å"nuclear power will do a important and turning part to sustainable development in the coming decades† at the Ministerial Conference in St. Petersburg in Russia. At the same clip, theWorld Nuclear Industry Status Report 2013( WNISR ) shows us the behaviour and current state of affairs of this industry that has seldom been able to populate up to its promises. By mid-2013, 31 states were runing atomic fission reactors for energy intents. Nuclear power workss generated 2,346TWh of electricity in 2012. It was less than what was produced in 1999 and had a 172TWh or 6.8 per centum lessening compared to 2011.It was besides 11.8percent below the historic maximal atomic coevals in 2006. The upper limit that atomic power contributed to commercial coevals of electricity was 17 per cent which took topographic point in 1997. The alleged â€Å"big five† atomic power bring forthing countries—the United States, France, Russia, South Korea and Germany—generated 67percent of all atomic electricity in the universe. The three states that have abolished the usage of atomic power, Italy, Kazakhstan and Lithuania every bit good as Armenia generated their historic upper limit of atomic electricity in the 1980s. Among the states with a steady addition in atomic coevals are China, the Czech Republic and Russia. There are a sum of 29 states that are presently developing atomic power plans for the first clip harmonizing to the International Status and Prospects for Nuclear Power 2012by the IAEA. It besides states that the three states that have ordered atomic power workss are the United Arab Emirates ( UAE ) , Turkey and Belarus. Besides, a start-up day of the month for first power before 2030 was suggested by 9 states, which are non listed by the IAEA but will most likely include the 1s mentioned above including Bangladesh, Jordan, Lithuania, Poland, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam.[ 8 ] 7. Nuclear Power Plants in India There are 20 atomic power reactors that India operates. These have a entire capacity of 4.4GW and 220MW per unit. In 2012, 29.6TWh was produced by atomic power but it covered merely 3.6 % of India’s electricity. In 2001/02 when atomic power coevals was merely about 17TWh, it had already covered around 3.7 % . So the difference wasn’t that important. There are presently seven units under building with a capacity of 4.8GW. In 1974, India conducted a series of atomic trials which broke off the foreign atomic cooperation, and cut off all the support from Canada. In 1998, another series of trials shocked the international community and resulted in Pakistan following our footfalls and carry oning trials of their ain. The province of personal businesss changed rather a spot, following the India-US trade of 2005 which took topographic point under the disposal of George W Bush. The IAEA approved of a â€Å"safeguard agreement† that made an exclusion for India. Therefore, although India is non a signed member of the NPT, it has continued to develop and keep a atomic arms plan, and refuses full-scope precautions. It is still permitted to have atomic aid and to transport out atomic commercialism with other states. In December 2010, two EPRs were traveling to be set up, as agreed by the Nuclear Power Commission of India Ltd and AREVA in a part called Jaitapur. But it received monolithic resistance. The Fukushima catastrophe fueled the fires even more. Similarly two Russian operations in Kudankulam came to a standstill because of high resistance. However in malice of all these, the Indian authorities still remains purpose on maintaining the atomic workss working.[ 8 ] 8. Execution of Laws for Regulating the Use of Nuclear Energy 8.1 The Nonproliferation Treaty The pact on Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons or the Non Proliferation pact seeks to control the spread of atomic arms and advance the usage of atomic power for civil utilizations and gradual atomic disarming in states that have developed atomic arm engineering. A sum of one hundred and 90 states have joined this pact. Harmonizing to this pact, five states are considered to be atomic arm provinces and they are the USA, UK, China, France and Russia. Even though this pact seeks to convey approximately peace, it hasn’t really much succeeded in atomic disarming in the atomic arm provinces.[ 5 ] 8.2 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty or CTBT is planetary prohibition on the testing of atomic explosives whether for military or other civil intents. It came into force in 1996. However non all provinces that signed the pact have ratified it and a few provinces including India have non signed it at all. Therefore, there have been atomic trials that are being carried on in malice of these steps being taken against them.[ 5 ] 8.3 The Nuclear Liability Bill The Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Bill, 2010 or the Nuclear Liability Bill talks about the mechanism for compensation for those victims who have suffered from a atomic catastrophe. The chief constituents of the measure are written below. It specifies the liabilities for atomic harm and references the processs for compensation. The Bill mentions a no-fault liability for private operators and gives them an chance to fall back to alternative agencies against certain people. The liability cap is Rs 500 crore. If the sum goes above that, the Cardinal authorities becomes apt. All the operators, with the exclusion of the Cardinal authorities should hold insurances or other fiscal options to cover their liabilities. In instance of authorities owned undertakings, the full liability up to 300 SDR will hold to be taken attention of by the authorities itself. The Bill references who can claim to be compensated along with the organic structures that decide the sum of compensation. Those non following with these commissariats will be penalized. There are a batch of drawbacks of the Nuclear Liability Bill. The compensation may non be plenty for the victims ; it withholds India’s entree to international financess and is besides really low as compared to other states. In instance of authorities owned workss, the liability cap mentioned may non be needed at all. This makes it ill-defined as to whether the authorities intends for private operators to have these workss at all. The environmental harm is notified by the authorities. In such instances, there might be struggles created sing those instances where the authorities itself is party to liability. Besides, the clip period of 10 old ages for compensation is barely adequate for victims of atomic harm. The portion that talks about the resort those operators may fall back to does non fit with certain international Torahs. Hence many parts of the measure are ill-defined, unjust and debatable.[ 6 ] 9. Environmental Impacts of Nuclear Power Plants Even though atomic power workss are regulated and controlled by province and federal Torahs, there are still assorted jeopardies related to them. There’s no release of harmful gases like C dioxide, sulfur dioxide etc during the power coevals procedure but the U excavation and extraction does take to the same. 2. Water is an indispensable ingredient for atomic power workss as it is used for steam every bit good as chilling and big measures of H2O are removed from natural H2O organic structures which can harm aquatic life and make ecological instability. 3. The H2O used in the workss gets contaminated with heavy metals and salts. Their temperature excessively, goes much higher as they are used for chilling, taking to thermic pollution. Some sum of radioactive affair may besides be present in the H2O that is released in the environment. 4. Waste generated from uranium excavation procedure can pollute both land H2O every bit good as surface H2O with heavy metals and salts. 5. Every 18 to twenty four months atomic power workss need to close down and the exhausted U demands to be removed and replaced. It therefore becomes radioactive waste. Some sum of radioactive waste is besides generated during the extraction of U from uranium ore. 6. Any dislocation in the system like failure of coolants, temblors, etc may take to a extremely risky atomic catastrophe which may take away the lives of 100s of people shacking in the locality, as have been witnessed many times in the yesteryear, the most recent of which is the Fukushima catastrophe in Japan.[ 3 ] The Fukushima Disaster The Great East Japan temblor of magnitude 9.0, that took topographic point on March 11, 2011 followed by a tsunami, caused great harm to the part and besides led to the most recent atomic catastrophe. Eleven atomic reactors were runing at that clip and all of them shut down when the tsunami hit. The chief job took topographic point in the Fukushima Daiichi unit. The reactors proved to be robust against the seismal onslaught but it was the Tsunami that led to the job. The power from a backup system was available to chill down the reactors in eight of the 11 units, and they managed to accomplish ‘cold shutdown’ . However the other three at the Fukushima Daiichi units, lost all power and were flooded with a 15 metres tsunami. All the generators and heat money changers were handicapped and therefore the reactors had no manner to be cooled. Therefore it took many hebdomads for the heat remotion in these reactors and the spent and overheated fuel fonds. These were done by Tepco employers, few contractors, firemen and military forces. These people had lost their places and households in the Tsunami and were set abouting great personal hazards themselves in order to stabilise these workss. A hard-boiled and fully fledged exigency response for the dislocation couldn’t be used because of the built-in dangers of radioactive taint. There have been no casualties or harm due to radioactive taint, but about 160,000 people had to be evacuated from the country and merely a limited few could return by 2012. By October 2013 about 81,000 people still remained evacuated because of authorities concerns sing the effects of radiation.[ 2 ] [ 4 ] 10. Nuclear Power against Renewable Energy Development In 2012, there was a little lessening in the investing in renewable energy development but it still continues to rapid growing in many states. The three greatest economic systems, China, Japan and Germany every bit good as India now generate much more electricity from renewable beginnings than atomic power. Investing:In 2011, the entire planetary investing in renewable energy was 300 billion dollars. While China increased its investing by 20 per cent some other large participants like Germany and Italy reduced theirs marginally. However a batch of smaller states like South Africa increased their investing and brought about a important addition. Installed Capacity:Since 2000, the one-year growing rates for onshore wind power have averaged 27percent and for solar photovoltaics 42percent in a planetary graduated table. This has led to 45Giga Wattss ( GW ) of air current power and 32 GW of solar power being installed in 2012, compared to a sum of 1.2GW of atomic power. Electricity Coevals:In 2012 atomic power generated 100terawatt-hours ( TWh ) less than the production in 2000 while air current produced about 500TWh and solar power about 100TWh more. For the first clip, China and India produced more electricity from air current energy than from atomic power workss. At the same clip solar electricity in China grew by 400 % in one twelvemonth.[ 8 ] 11. Discussion The biggest advantage of atomic power workss is that they are a clean and reliable beginning of electricity. They do non bring forth nursery gases that pollute the environment and have a safety record that is much better than most other power workss. However some conservationists still wonder if it’s all that safe particularly after the recent catastrophe at Fukushima. Was it a warning against future usage of this method? There are much safer ways of bring forthing electricity and atomic power is non the lone manner. The statistics as discussed above show that renewable beginnings of energy have equal if non more possible than atomic power. Is put on the lining lives and environment merely for the interest of efficiency truly worth the piece? 12. Mentions www.npr.org www.world-nuclear.org www.greenpeace.org www.theenergycollective.com www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.prsindia.org www.mospi.gov.in The World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2013 How to cite Nuclear Power Plants: the Efficient Danger Lurking, Essay examples

Big city or small town free essay sample

Today I’d like to say something about big city and small town. It sounds charming to see stars at night, to plant fruits in the garden, or to picnic on the lawn, rural life distinguished itself in being closer to nature. But truth to be told, living close to nature also means that there will be plenty of animals and insects visiting your home and vegetation. Surely Fish is more inclined to enjoy itself in marine environment instead of being stuck in a small pond. So are humans. City born and city bred, the quiet life of country has never appealed to me and I fancy the adventurous and splendid life of city. To begin with, living in a big city can enjoy the best services and entertainment as well as more opportunities. In a megalopolis, the government and wealthy people  have invested lots of capital and resources in providing people with fabulous facilities, services and infrastructure like big cinemas, theatres, stadiums, big shopping malls, the best medical services, good education resources, uncountable restaurants, theme parks, museums, convenient transport systems, etc, resulting in more job opportunities and choices. We will write a custom essay sample on Big city or small town or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These are all rarely found in small towns as most of them are located in suburbs where population density is low and transportation is poor, so it will be very boring and inconvenient to live in a small town. In addition, living in a metropolis can broaden your horizons. With a very dense population, big cities such as New York contain a diverse realm of ideas and innovations, as well as different high valued cultural activities and lifestyles. There are uncountable things to do, thousands of all sorts of unique or strange or interesting people to meet, and numerous places to visit every day, and much more opportunities to explore various cultures and knowledge. On the other hand, a small town has a strong homogeneity, in which all people in the town share similar ideas and attitudes, so what people in a small town can experience and learn is limited to the town: what you can know are only the ideas of your neighbors, who you can meet are only the people from the same town, where you can go are only the areas nearby! Only in the big city can people satisfy their curiosity of the outside world, their thirst for knowledge and their eagerness of gaining different experiences. Last but not least, a big city is vibrant while a small town is comparatively boring. In small towns, people usually live a stable, slow and simple lifestyle, which consists of very little changes in everyday life. However, in a big city, citizens live and work at a fast pace. People in big cities can therefore enjoy a more exciting, glamorous and productive life. Although a hurrying lifestyle may cause great pressure to the people involved, the invigorating life it brings about is very attractive. Although some people may argue that small towns have less pollution and are close to nature. Life there seems delightful but it will absolutely be very dull for youngsters like us to repeat the same simple and relax living style day and night. I embrace challenges and new things more, so despite the concentrated pollution and distance from the natural world, I still fancy the life in a big city. All in all, the life of a city dweller is more adventurous and splendid, while the life in small towns is rather simple and plain. Hence, small towns may be a good choice for retired, but not energetic university students like us. Thank you very much!

Transactional risks and development solutions

Hong Kong’s Hen Hao Trading Company has problems with its supply chain network. The company lacks enough supply of raw materials (quantity). It cannot produce products by itself, and hence needs to source them from the foreign manufacturers particularly in the US.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transactional risks and development solutions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company needs to redesign its supply chain network and employ the best strategies that will ensure a steady supply of products from the foreign companies. Through the use of researches, the company can get relevant information for suppliers in the US, and come up with the best choice after assessing the suppliers’ capabilities. This will help it note the company that meets its specifications both today and in the future. The manufacturing companies in the United States also have problems with transactions because of difficulti es in penetrating their products to Hong Kong. The companies required to get involved in transactions have varying approaches and specifications. For instance, Gumpbell’s supplying approach demands periodic price adjustments, while that of Hen Hao demands fixed price within a specified period. The differences in their specifications make transactions difficult. To curb this problem, both the preferred buyer and preferred suppliers should engage in a meeting, discuss and come up with a mutually agreed contract. This agreement may entail the specifications of both parties, future transactions, and the purchase order proposals among other things that should be adhered to after the start of transactions. For instance, hen Hao and Gumpbell can settle their differences and transact businesses efficiently with each other. Financial risks and development solutions From the case study, it is evident that companies, both suppliers and buyers incur huge losses due to increased costs in their operations. Business organizations should follow the business rule of satisfying customers profitably (Nellore, 2001). They should curb financial risks surrounding them in order to make profits. This can be achieved by cutting on costs and maximizing on profits. Hen Hao Company has financial problems, and that is why it insists on looking for a manufacturing company that will agree to sign a contract of supplying products at a fixed cost for three years. However, Gumpbell, one of the suppliers does not favor long term supply contracts with its customers. The firm insists on price adjustments, rather than fixed prices. The company employs this approach in order to cut costs, and hence curb financial risks associated with fixed-price contracts. This shows that if the company agrees to sign the contract with Hen Hao in fixed price terms, it will experience financial problems. It is recommendable for the two firms to engage with each other, discuss and consider both sides to come up with decisions that favor both sides.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The differing foreign exchange rates also contribute to financial risks, as shown in the case study. It is essential to set prices for products differently depending on the current exchange rates. This can ensure that international companies run at a profit without expensing buyers or sellers. The issue of quality is also a concern in the case study, and it contributes to both financial and transaction risks. Companies do not prefer signing transaction contracts with low quality manufacturers (Nellore, 2001). It is risky to purchase low quality products as this can lead to huge losses. Customer satisfaction demands high quality goods and services. Low quality goods or services can make a firm lose customers, and hence incur huge losses. If Hen Hao Company chooses a low quality product supplier, it will lose market for the products and will collapse in a very short time due to the financial risk. It is vital for the company to consider consistent supply of high quality products first before anything else. This will attract and encourage post-purchase of its products, and hence gain competitive advantage over its competitors. Reference Nellore, R. (2001). Managing buyer-supplier relations: The winning edge through specification management. London: Routledge. This essay on Transactional risks and development solutions was written and submitted by user Yusuf Dyer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Finding the Main Idea Answers 2

Finding the Main Idea Answers 2 If you have read How to Find the Main Idea, and have completed the Finding the Main Idea 2 activity, then, by all means read the answers below. These answers are affiliated with both the articles, and will not make much sense by themselves! Printable PDFs: Finding the Main Idea 2 Worksheet | Finding the Main Idea 2 Answers Answer 1: Classrooms This is a stated main idea: The physical environment of a classroom is extremely important because it can influence the way teachers and students feel, think, and behave. Answer 2: China Power This is a stated main idea: Whether Chinas emergence as a global power can peacefully find a place in East Asia and the world is a major issue in todays international political environment, one that warrants a responsible look. Answer 3: Rain This is an implied main idea: Its abnormal to venture out in the rain, but the positive results can be well worth it. Answer 4: Math This is an implied main idea: Although males outperform females on math tests, the cause of the discrepancy is unknown. Answer 5: Movies This is an implied main idea: People are willing to pay high prices for movies on the weekends in order to experience camaraderie with others. Answer 6: Troopathon This is an implied main idea: Melanie Morgan created the Troopathon to counteract the negative personification of troops displayed by the media. Answer 7: Relationships This is an implied main idea: Getting into a relationship is easy, but staying in one is not. Answer 8: Educational Technology This is an implied main idea: Technology is pervasive in todays classrooms, and although critics doubt its use in education, their viewpoint is faulty. Answer 9: Fair Use This is a stated main idea: The recording industry has gone too far in its fight against file sharers in that Copyright Management Systems can impinge on users fair use of digital information. Answer 10: Mares This is a stated main idea: A recent study found that more sociable mares had more foals.

Common Elements of Eastern Religious Traditions Essay

Common Elements of Eastern Religious Traditions - Essay Example y Chinese do not consider themselves spiritual but their traditions with local gods and daily practices have provided a sense of religion for them for over a thousand years. In the recent years, there has been an increase in interest between the relationship of spiritualism and business (Rarick, 2009). Daoism, also known as Taoism, has greatly shaped the Chinese way of thinking. Daoism is one of the greatest religious systems in China (Hansen, 2013). A person can be spiritual but not religious. Molloy (2010), views religion as a belief system and focuses on how those beliefs’ expression in different contexts. The meaning of religion differs depending on an individual’s society and upbringing. Religion denotes a particular system of faith and worship and/or the human recognition of a higher power (Park & Paloutzian, 2013). In the Eastern cultures, religion encompasses a set or system of beliefs and practices adhered by a given community, supported by rituals that recognize or worship the ultimate truth, reality or nirvana (Park & Paloutzian, 2013). In the natural world, spiritual relationships are important and are very common as they are part of the human survival (Molloy, 2013). Spirituality connotes the personal and effective relationship with God. It is the domain of spirits; God or gods, souls, angels, jinni, demons and metaphorical extensions to other intangible or invisible things (Park & Paloutzian, 2013). Daoism is traceable to shamanism, which spread in china and Mongolia more than ten thousand years ago. The Dao is the opposing force and energy of the universe, and is the beginning and the end of Daoism. The Dao represents a cosmic principle that permeates all the aspects of creation. The exact founding date of Daoism is unknown, even though there is a belief that the mystic Laozi (Lao Tzu) is the one who developed the spiritual and philosophical orientation of Daoism. According to Laozi, the Great Unity known as Yin and Yang ruled the universe.

Strategic Audit For Lowes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Audit For Lowes - Essay Example Back in 1962, the company had got only 15 stores and sooner the number kept increasing and so as the number of states. Today, the company is having more than 1250 stores in 49 states across U.S. Last year's sales were $43.2 Billion and the company employees are over 185,000 people. The future goals of Lowe's are simply to delight more and more of population by providing them with a luxury to feel. Lowe's uses the latest technology to assist customers and provide solutions for their home improvement projects. The majority of customers are retail customers (Do It Yourself) who are individuals buying Lowe's products, however there is a considerable amount of commercial customers as well, such as professional house builders, contractors and architects etc. The company is strategically identifying places to enter, there is a lot of gap in the market and Lowe's has got the immediate focus on filling the existing gaps in the society and to move itself from number 2 spot to number 1. The company has targeted states where the population is more than 500,000 and it is still trying to increase the number of stores by 16% a year. Lowe's is currently expanding to new markets across the U.S, also targeting metropolitan cities and recently opened new stores in metropolitan cities like New York and Chicago. ... o the strategies the company is using are in relation to the market growth and expansion which exactly is their objective apart from serving the people at their homes. The company's vision statement says, "We will provide customer-valued solutions with the best prices, products and services to make Lowe's the first choice for home improvement"(vision statement). Policies: Lowe's doesn'tjust offer the tools to help you create your dream home. We're helping lay the foundation for a better place to live. As one of the world's leading retailers, we realize everything we do impact the people and environment around us. That's whywe're committed to helping communities grow stronger. By investing in people and communities, promoting measures that protect the environment and providing opportunity in the workplace, Lowe's is raising the bar in every aspect of the way we conduct our business. To us, the best way to do business is by being a good neighbor. In the company's laws and regulations part from the employee's view point, it has been clearly stated that, Lowe's values its reputation for complying with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations in the conduct of its business. Therefore, every Employee, while acting on behalf of the company, shall comply with all applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations, and should avoid engaging in any conduct that, even though legally permissible, is inconsistent with the ethical principles to which Lowe's subscribes. If there is any uncertainty about what is required or is prohibited by law or by regulations adopted by federal, state or local government agencies, Employees should seek guidance from the company's General Counsel. Strategic Managers Board Of Directors: The company has got a list of 11 board of

Different models or theories of teaching writing in TESOL (Teaching Essay

Different models or theories of teaching writing in TESOL (Teaching English to Speaker of Other Languages) - Essay Example Learning academic English composition skills can be especially challenging and stressful for ESL students. In addition to mastering the linguistic and grammatical features of written English, second language students must learn to think, create and compose in ways that may be quite unfamiliar and different from those in their native language (Swales, 2004; Crystal, 2003). While there is a plethora of methods or approaches that have been used in the teaching of writing (see, for example, Kroll, 1990; Petrosky & Bartholomae, 1986), this paper focus on the major instructional practices which are widely used in English as secondary language teaching: the controlled composition approach, the current-traditional rhetoric approach, the communicative approach and the process approach. It discusses first the earliest approaches, then the more recent ones, with a particular focus on the process approach. The process approach is discussed in greater detail because it is widely used in TESOL. The structuralist linguistic view dominated theory and practice in the field of ESL literacy and almost exclusively guided pedagogy until about the middle of the 1960s (Kaplan, 1988; Crystal, 2003). L2 writing instruction was no exception in following audio-lingual teaching methods. Although writing was considered one of the "survival" language skills, writing was taught as a subsidiary component to oral language and was usually not dealt with until after students had acquired oral competence in English. It was believed that oral competence would automatically lead to written competence (Grabe & Kaplan, 1996). The primary technique of writing was called controlled composition, or guided composition, which modelled the "audio-lingual method" of second language teaching, focusing on recurring forms of spoken English rather than on written language (Mangelsdorf, 1989; Silva, 1990). Writing was seen as a